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  • VBA – A* Search Algorithm with Excel – Useful code


    Ok, so some 10 years ago, I was having fun coding A* Search Algorithms in Excel in VitoshAcademy and this is what I had built back then:

    VBA – A* search algorithm with Excel – Really?

    VBA – A Search Algorithm with VBA – Teil Zwei

    The second one is actually quite fun and I had forgotten about it. Today, I will present a third one, that has a few more features, namely the following:

    • It can be copied completely into a blank Excel’s VBA module, without any additional setup and it will work
    • You can choose for distance method (Manhattan or Heuristics)
    • You can choose for displaying or not calculations in Excel (
      writeScores = False )
    • You can
      ResetAndKeep() , which cleans out the maze, but keeps the obstacles
    • You can setup your own start and goal cell. By simply writing
      s and
      g , somewhere in the PLAYGROUND.
    • You can change the speed of writing in the Excel file, by changing the
      delay variable.

    These are the current commands:



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  • Rule of 72 – Useful code

    Rule of 72 – Useful code


    Ever heard of the Rule of 72? It’s a classic finance shortcut that tells you how many years it takes for an investment to double at a given interest rate—without reaching for a calculator! Pretty much, if you want to understand when you are going to double your money, that are growing with 7% per year, then simply divide 72 by 7 and see the approximate answer. It works like that and it is approximately ok, for values between 5 and 10%.

    For all other values, the formula looks like this:

    ln(2) is approximately 0.693. Hence, it is 0.693 divided by ln(1+tiny percentage).

    With Python the formula looks like this:

    If you want to see how exact the formula is, then a good comparison vs the exact value looks like this:

    The execution of the code from above like this:

    The YT video, explaining the code and is here:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BURstTrQWkA

    The GitHub code is here: https://github.com/Vitosh/Python_personal/tree/master/YouTube/023_Python-Rule-of-72

    A nice picture from Polovrak Peak, Bulgaria

    Enjoy!



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  • Rules of 114 and 144 – Useful code


    The Rule of 114 is a quick way to estimate how long it will take to triple your money with compound interest.  The idea is simple: divide 114 by the annual interest rate (in %), and you will get an approximate answer in years.

    • If you earn 10% annually, the time to triple your money is approximately: 114/10=11.4 years.

    Similarly, the Rule of 144 works for quadrupling your money. Divide 144 by the annual interest rate to estimate the time.

    • At 10% annual growth, the time to quadruple your money is: 144/10=14.4 years

    Why Do These Rules Work?

    These rules are approximations based on the exponential nature of compound interest. While they are not perfectly accurate for all rates, they are great for quick mental math, especially for interest rates in the 5–15% range. While the rules are convenient, always use the exact formula when accuracy matters!

    Exact Formulas?

    For precise calculations, use the exact formula based on logarithms:

    • To triple your money:
    • To quadruple your money:

    These rules for 4x or 3x can be summarized with the following python formula:

    Generally, these rules are explained a bit into more details in the video, below:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDcPdcKi-oI

    The GitHub repository is here: https://github.com/Vitosh/Python_personal/tree/master/YouTube/024_Python-Rule-of-114

    Enjoy it! 🙂



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  • Trigonometric Functions – Sine – Useful code


    import numpy as np

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

    import matplotlib.animation as animation

     

    # Generate unit circle points

    theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 1000)

    x_circle = np.cos(theta)

    y_circle = np.sin(theta)

     

    # Initialize figure

    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))

    ax.plot(x_circle, y_circle, ‘b-‘, label=“Unit Circle”)  # Unit circle

    ax.axhline(0, color=“gray”, linestyle=“dotted”)

    ax.axvline(0, color=“gray”, linestyle=“dotted”)

     

    # Add dynamic triangle components

    triangle_line, = ax.plot([], [], ‘r-‘, linewidth=2, label=“Triangle Sides”)

    point, = ax.plot([], [], ‘ro’)  # Moving point on the circle

     

    # Text for dynamic values

    dynamic_text = ax.text(0.03, 0.03, “”, fontsize=12, color=“black”, ha=“left”, transform=ax.transAxes)

     

    # Set up axis limits and labels

    ax.set_xlim(–1.2, 1.2)

    ax.set_ylim(–1.2, 1.2)

    ax.set_title(“Sine as a Triangle on the Unit Circle”, fontsize=14)

    ax.set_xlabel(“cos(θ)”, fontsize=12)

    ax.set_ylabel(“sin(θ)”, fontsize=12)

    ax.legend(loc=“upper left”)

     

    # Animation update function

    def update(frame):

        angle = theta[frame]

        x_point = np.cos(angle)

        y_point = np.sin(angle)

        degrees = np.degrees(angle) % 360  # Convert radians to degrees

        

        # Update triangle

        triangle_line.set_data([0, x_point, x_point, 0], [0, y_point, 0, 0])

        

        # Update point on the circle

        point.set_data([x_point], [y_point])  # Fixed this line to avoid the warning

        

        # Update text for angle, opposite side length, and sin(θ)

        dynamic_text.set_text(f“Angle: {degrees:.1f}°\nOpposite Side Length: {y_point:.2f}\nsin(θ): {y_point:.2f}”)

        return triangle_line, point, dynamic_text

     

    # Create animation

    ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=len(theta), interval=20, blit=True)

    plt.show()



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  • VBA – Automated Pivot Filtering – Useful code


    Sub FilterPivotTableBasedOnSelectedTeams()

     

        Dim pt As PivotTable

        Dim selectedItemsRange As Range

        Dim myCell As Range

        Dim fieldName As String

        Dim lastRowSelected As Long

        Dim pi As PivotItem

        Dim firstItemSet As Boolean

     

        Set pt = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets(“PivotTable2”).PivotTables(“PivotTable2”)

        lastRowSelected = LastRow(tblTemp.Name, 1)

        Set selectedItemsRange = tblTemp.Range(“A1:A” & lastRowSelected)

        fieldName = “Team”

        pt.PivotFields(fieldName).ClearAllFilters

        

        Dim itemsTotal As Long

        itemsTotal = pt.PivotFields(fieldName).PivotItems.Count

        

        For Each pi In pt.PivotFields(fieldName).PivotItems

            If Not IsInRange(pi.Name, selectedItemsRange) Then

                itemsTotal = itemsTotal – 1

                If itemsTotal = 0 Then

                    Err.Raise 222, Description:=“No value in the pivot!”

                    Exit Sub

                End If

                

                pi.Visible = False

            End If

        Next pi

     

    End Sub

     

    Function IsInRange(myValue As String, myRange As Range) As Boolean

        

        Dim myCell As Range

        IsInRange = False

        For Each myCell In myRange.Cells

            If myCell.value = myValue Then

                IsInRange = True

                Exit Function

            End If

        Next myCell

     

    End Function

     

    Public Function LastRow(wsName As String, Optional columnToCheck As Long = 1) As Long

     

        Dim ws As Worksheet

        Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets(wsName)

        LastRow = ws.Cells(ws.Rows.Count, columnToCheck).End(xlUp).Row

     

    End Function



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  • Python – Data Wrangling with Excel and Pandas – Useful code

    Python – Data Wrangling with Excel and Pandas – Useful code


    Data wrangling with Excel and Pandas is actually quite useful tool in the belt of any Excel professional, financial professional, data analyst or a developer. Really, everyonecan benefit from the well defined libraries that ease people’s lifes. These are the libraries used:

    Additionally, a function for making a unique Excel name is used:

    An example of the video, where Jupyter Notebook is used.

    In the YT video below, the following 8 points are discussed:

    # Trick 1 – Simple reading of worksheet from Excel workbook

    # Trick 2 – Combine Reports

    # Trick 3 – Fix Missing Values

    # Trick 4 – Formatting the exported Excel file

    # Trick 5 – Merging Excel Files

    # Trick 6 – Smart Filtering

    # Trick 7 – Mergining Tables

    # Trick 8 – Export Dataframe to Excel

    The whole code with the Excel files is available in GitHub here.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXXc4WySZS4

    Enjoy it!



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  • Python – Monte Carlo Simulation – Useful code

    Python – Monte Carlo Simulation – Useful code


    Python can be used for various tasks. One of these is Monte Carlo simulation for future stock analysis. In the video below this is exactly what is happening. 🙂

    10K simulations in 30 buckets for KO look like that.

    Instead of explaining the video and its code (available also in GitHub), I will concentrate on why it is better to use log returns than simple returns in stock analysis. Which is actually part of the video as well. Below are the 3 main reasons:

    1. Time-Additivity

    Log returns sum over time, making multi-period calculations effortless. A 10% gain followed by a 10% loss doesn’t cancel out with simple returns—but it nearly does with logs.

    2. Symmetry Matters

    A +10% and -10% return aren’t true inverses in simple terms. Logs fix this, ensuring consistent math for gains and losses.

    3. Better for Modeling

    Log returns follow a near-normal distribution, crucial for statistical models like Monte Carlo simulations.

    When to Use Simple Returns?

    Code Highlights



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  • Python – Reading Financial Data From Internet – Useful code

    Python – Reading Financial Data From Internet – Useful code


    Reading financial data from the internet is sometimes challenging. In this short article with two python snippets, I will show how to read it from Wikipedia and from and from API, delivering in JSON format:

    This is how the financial json data from the api looks like.

    Reading the data from the API is actually not tough, if you have experience reading JSON, with nested lists. If not, simply try with trial and error and eventually you will succeed:

    With the reading from wikipedia, it is actually even easier – the site works flawlessly with pandas, and if you count the tables correctly, you would get what you want:

    You might want to combine both sources, just in case:

    The YouTube video for this article is here:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uj95BgimHa8
    The GitHub code is there – GitHub

    Enjoy it! 🙂



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  • Python – Simple Stock Analysis with yfinance – Useful code

    Python – Simple Stock Analysis with yfinance – Useful code


    Sometimes, the graphs of stocks are useful. Sometimes these are not. In general, do your own research, none of this is financial advice.

    And while doing that, if you want to analyze stocks with just a few lines of python, this article might help? This simple yet powerful script helps you spot potential buy and sell opportunities for Apple (AAPL) using two classic technical indicators: moving averages and RSI.

    Understanding the Strategy

    1. SMA Crossover: The Trend Following Signal

    The script first calculates two Simple Moving Averages (SMA):

    The crossover strategy is simple:

    This works because moving averages smooth out price noise, helping identify the overall trend direction.

    2. RSI: The Overbought/Oversold Indicator

    The Relative Strength Index (RSI) measures whether a stock is overbought or oversold:

    By combining SMA crossovers (trend confirmation) and RSI extremes (timing), we get stronger signals.

    This plot is generated with less than 40 lines of python code

    The code looks like that:

    The code above, but in way more details is explained in the YT video below:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0ayASmrZmE

    And it is available in GitHub as well.



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  • 7 Useful Tips to Consider When Starting a Trucking Business


    There are many business lines in the world that are not easy to manage, and the trucking business is one of them. This industry is one of the booming industries in many countries.

    Nowadays, many business owners are trying to take part in this industry. Over the past years, this business has shown constant growth, which has made it a popular business line. If you are planning to start a trucking business, then you have to understand the complex jargon of this field. Along with that, you need to get a DOT authority for operating a business in your State.

    In this blog, you will find out how you can start and run your trucking business successfully.

    Do your research

    To hit the jackpot, the first thing you need to do is to crack the nuts. This means you will have to research the market and needs.

    By doing in-depth research, you will be able to identify your business niche in the trucking industry. Are you interested in transporting goods or using a truck for mobile billboards? These are only two examples, but when you research it, you will definitely find more possibilities in it.

    After that, it will be easy for you to develop a business plan.

    Find your target market

    Another one of the leading business strategies is finding and understanding the target audience. Once you understand for whom you will offer your services and what their needs are, it will become easy for you to offer the services and make more sales.

    It will be a wise decision if you develop your business strategy according to the niche market. By following this approach, you can ensure that your operations are cohesive and on track. When you tailor your trucking services according to the needs of your clients, in results your business will be able to earn a reputation and revenue.

    Finance your fleet

    Businesses are all about heavy investment, no matter the size or scale of your startup. When it comes to the trucking business, you will be surprised to know the buying cost of trucks. When planning the finances for buying trucks, you will also have to prepare for the maintenance costs. You can find many financing options to start your business.

    You can also start your own company with new vehicles or can consider investing in offers for used commercial vehicles and construction machinery.

    Make it legal

    It is crucial for business owners to meet all the legal requirements to operate their businesses in State. Without legal recognition or approval, the federal ministry can take charge of you, and you could end up losing your business.

    Many people enter the trucking business without knowing that it is highly regulated. You will need to get a permit or authority to operate your business activities interstate. You will also need to file for a DOT MC Number in your State.

    Ensure that your business complies with the applicable laws for maintaining legitimacy.

    Invest on technology

    Technology is the future, and especially for trucking business startups, you should realize its importance earlier. Technology is about to dominate services and different businesses. With technology, you will provide numerous benefits to your business.

    When it comes to transporting business, you will have to track and manage the orders. For this, it is crucial for you to use mobile applications or websites to promote your business and make it visible. If you cannot afford oversized technological items in your business, you can still add basics like GPS systems, smart cameras, and more.

    Learn your competition

    When you research your market, you should also study your competitors. It will help you to understand the threats and weaknesses that already existing businesses are facing. This way, you will come up with innovative business strategies and fill the needs of the clients.

    You can also offer the most competitive prices from other truckers and brokers with reasonable margins, so a good number of clients will attract your business.

    Pro tip:

    You should always connect directly with consigners so you will pass the benefits to your clients through a reduction in prices.

    Final note:

    There is no doubt in it that the trucking business has been booming over the years, and it has brought gold for owners. If you get the fundamentals right, being new in the market, you can also harvest the jackpot.



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